French food worshippers gather to promote their local fare – even if it is tripe
Gastronomic confréries or brotherhoods meet regularly across France to promote their region’s best produce – in this case tripe, or cow’s stomach lining, in Normandy – and partake in ritualistic feasts celebrating it
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On a Saturday morning in September in the Normandy countryside a group of men and women gather for an ancient French initiation ceremony.
The merry band bustling about in colourful robes and hats, with oversized medallions hanging around their necks, could be performers in a Shakespeare troupe, members of a medieval guild, maybe even Druids.
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But the glazed pot perched on the top table in the hall in Bagnoles de l’Orne – laden with symbolism like the potion-filled cauldron in the Asterix comics – gives the game away. Those gathered are elders in the area’s gastronomic confréries or brotherhoods, there for the annual general meeting of an order set up, in this instance, to promote the culinary delights of the lining of a cow’s stomach.
Placing their right hands on the pot, its two newest members, Arlette Allix, 70, who used to work in communications, and her 71-year-old husband Christian swear to become ambassadors for tripe – specifically the famous skewered tripe of nearby La Ferté-Macé – and to uphold Normandy’s tradition “of eating and drinking well”.
With a tap of a bone on the right shoulder, the “grandmaster” inducts them into the association and presents them with their red-and-green regalia as well as medallions stamped with a pot and a small skewered bundle. Seven emissaries from other fraternities are also made honorary members of La Ferté-Macé’s venerable tripe brotherhood.
And then it’s off for a parade through town, followed by a five-course meal at a Michelin-starred restaurant where, naturally enough, the plat de resistance is a steaming plate of tripe. Similar scenes play out nearly every week across France, home to around 1,500 confréries with more than 10,000 members – mostly pensioners who are not involved in the production of the delicacy in question.
They receive subsidies to criss-cross the country promoting their region’s produce and partaking in ritualistic food feasts.
“We’re an association of good-timers,” says Jean Traon, the jocular co-grand master of La Ferté-Macé’s tripe fraternity. “But we enjoy in moderation,” the 73-year-old former police captain emphasises. “We’re one big family,” says Marie-Chantal Eudine, the 74-year-old grande dame of the Bayeux pig society who was one of the guests, cutting a dash in a musketeer-style hat with a yellow plume.
The confrérie tradition dates back to the Middle Ages, with one of the oldest originating in 12th-century Saint-Emilion, a winemaking town near Bordeaux that was at the time under English rule.
In 1199, King John entrusted its aldermen with running the town in return for a promise to give England priority access to the fruits of its vines.
Saint-Emilion’s wine brotherhood went on to spawn imitators for everything from oxtail and truffles to barley sugar confectionery made by Benedictine nuns.
Banned during the French Revolution, together with religious orders, the cultish confréries underwent a revival in the second half of the 20th century, spurred by concerns over the rise of industrial malbouffe (low quality food). Some serve as little more than a pretext for merrymaking, but others wield significant economic and political clout.
“The rituals may be of another age but there is a positive effect” on producers of the delicacies, says Joaquim Pueyo, a legislator in the Orne region who was among a handful of politicians attending the weekend festivities.
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The fact that local butchers continue to churn out tripe – a humble leftover from a leaner bygone era with a small but committed fan base in northern France – is in no small part due to the efforts of the brotherhood, Pueyo argued. “We cannot keep up with demand,” says Guillaume Delignou, a 29-year-old who recently took over one of La Ferté-Macé’s best-known butcheries.
It’s not just greying gourmets who wear brotherhoods’ colours with pride. Several former presidents have agreed to fly the flag for local produce as a sign of their commitment to France’s culinary heritage, which was honoured with a Unesco world heritage listing in 2010.
Jacques Chirac, a man with a legendary appetite, was inducted into a brotherhood for calves’ brains, while Francois Mitterand was a champion for cassoulet, a sausage and bean stew.
President Emmanuel Macron was the prize catch at this year’s Paris farm fair for the society of the piebald Bayeux pig, with the order’s grand mistresses making him an honorary member when he visited their stand.
Many politicians from rural constituencies agree to bat for several brotherhoods, like Nathalie Goulet, senator for the Orne region, a vegetarian who nonetheless plumps for black pudding, white pudding and tripe among other local favourites including Camembert.
Addressing the crowd gathered for lunch at the Manoir du Lys, she credited her victory in last year’s Senate elections to the fact that she was wearing her “lucky charm”, the skewered tripe medallion.
Praising the brotherhoods, whose members are known as knights, as representing “the best of France’s culinary art”, she urged them to widen their nets and recruit catering school students to the cause. “We have to pass it on,” she said.
Franck Quinton, chef at the one-star Manoir du Lys, is committed to keeping the fires lit by his grandfather – founder of the skewered tripe brotherhood – burning.
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But he also wants to elevate the meaty bundles, which are cooked for 14 hours in cider and Calvados (some recipes use white wine) and are traditionally eaten at breakfast time.
“I grill them with lobster and scallops. Delicious!”
