The world is willing to negotiate with the Taliban and help solve Afghanistan’s problems but, first, the de facto rulers must cut ties with al-Qaeda and address rising terrorism.

Engaging with the Taliban in the hope it reverses its position on human rights is naive, particularly when the situation for women is worsening.

Pakistan’s deportation of over a million Afghans threatens to overwhelm Afghanistan’s struggling economy and aid agencies, and put lives in danger. China should pressure Pakistan to reverse or delay its decision.

Two years after coming to power, the regime’s systematic repression of women, minorities and former officials is not just inhumane, but will in the end destabilise the country. Afghanistan’s neighbours, including China, will not tolerate its descent into chaos.

Rise of groups such as Isis-K and al-Qaeda mean Afghans live in fear, while neighbouring states, particularly China, are concerned about the threat to their investments in the country and the possibility of a spillover of terrorist activity.

Taliban-ruled Afghanistan is beset by many issues that make investment or improved relations problematic. The Taliban’s refusal to respect human rights, form an inclusive government and fight extremist groups could doom China to the fate of others.

Millions are starving amid corruption and incompetence, while women continue to be excluded at great economic cost. If the Taliban want sanctions lifted and assets unfrozen, it must be forced to govern responsibly and respect human rights.