Guizhou offers Hong Kong lessons in building bridges and tackling poverty

As Guizhou’s bridges boost trade, tourism and relationships, the province has also worked on inclusiveness, bringing 9 million out of poverty over the decade
Super-connector Hong Kong should also build its bridges with the mainland and the world, between the government and people, making sure to leave no one behind

Yunyu XiaoandPaul Yip

Published: 8:15am, 9 Aug 2023

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In Hong Kong, the number of poor people and the size of the poverty gap seem to have worsened in recent years. As the city grapples with the challenge of poverty, perhaps we can learn from Guizhou, a previously impoverished province that has transformed itself into a region of hope and confidence.

It boils down to making use of the area’s unique characteristics, building up inclusive economies and making the government more efficient and effective in responding to residents’ daily needs.

During our recent visit to Guizhou to promote mental health education, we were astounded by the transformation of a region once known for having “no flat land within three feet” into a crucial transport and geographic hub in southwestern China.

The pivotal component? Bridges. China’s long history of bridge construction is a testament to how such structures can improve urbanisation, economic development, productivity and even societal relationships.

Guizhou, nestled in the mountainous southwest, stands as a symbol of the transformative power of bridges. The once seemingly impossible terrain has been mastered, with bridges acting as veins of connectivity throughout the region.

Between 1979 and 2020, Guizhou’s highway network grew rapidly, fostering many new bridges. Of particular note is the impressive Balinghe Bridge, constructed in 2009. This suspension bridge not only marked breakthroughs in dimension and complexity, but also boosted Guizhou’s transport, trading and even sports activities – the bridge offers bungee jumping, parachuting, parasailing and other extreme activities.

The construction site of Wujiang grand bridge, on the expressway linking Dejiang and Yuqing, in Guizhou province on February 17. The bridge, at the junction of Guizhou’s Sinan, Shiqian and Fenggang counties, features a length of 1,834m and a span of 504m. Photo: Xinhua

Today, Guizhou has become known as a “bridge museum” of the world. It has more than 28,000 highway bridges, and is thought to have almost half of the world’s tallest 100 bridges, including four of the top 10. A total of 15 bridges in Guizhou have won 25 national and international awards. That these feats of engineering have received international accolades marks Guizhou’s place on the world map.

Interestingly, the functions of these bridges have also evolved. From being merely transport facilitators, they are now also catalysts for economic development, bringing in trade and tourism that is also encouraging environmental protection and ecological appreciation.

Importantly, the bridges, in making Guizhou a land transport hub, highlight its unique geographic role in connecting with the western Chinese land-sea corridor in the Belt and Road Initiative and potentially forming a greater economic region with the Chengdu-Chongqing economic circle.

These improved transport links have decreased the area’s resource allocation disparities with the coastal regions and boosted Guizhou’s economic development – the province has become a top regional performer in terms of gross domestic product. Guizhou’s GDP for the first half of the year has already exceeded 1 trillion yuan (US$140 billion), dwarfing that of similarly poor regions like Tibet or Gansu.

People view the Jiming bridge, which connects Sichuan, Yunnan and Guizhou, from Sichuan’s Xuyong county on January 21, 2020. Photo: Xinhua

The bridges double up as tourist magnets, providing unique opportunities for “bridge” tourism. The Balinghe Bridge, for instance, has attracted some 50,000 visitors since 2019, significantly boosting the local economy. This integration of bridge tourism, sports tourism and cultural tourism has also spurred business for local homestays, camping and local agricultural product sales, generating substantial revenues.

Diversifying its economy, Guizhou has ventured into hi-tech sectors, such as in big data, and also made famous Mao-tai, a style of alcohol made in the town of the same name, showcasing a formidable competitiveness in the market.

Committed to inclusive growth, Guizhou has launched poverty alleviation projects for those who might not have benefited from its economic transformation, lifting 9.23 million out of poverty over the past decade.

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If Guizhou continues to deepen reforms and create a favourable development environment, it could leverage its transport improvements to attract more resources, manpower and funds.

With its low cost of living, stunning landscapes and attractive summer climate, Guizhou offers lessons for Hong Kong and other regions in how to drive economic development while not overlooking the vulnerable, resonating with the UN sustainable development goal to “leave no one behind”.

It is the time for Hong Kong to build our bridges as a super-connector to the world. We need to work hard to preserve and strengthen our unique contribution to both mainland China and the international community.

How Hong Kong can lean into its super-connector role

Our universities have been doing well in research and knowledge exchange. We also need to reconnect people in the community, even those with different views, so that people have opportunities and feel confident about the future.

For young people, we need to invest in them to improve their social mobility. We need to invest in our infrastructure to improve worker mobility. The “bridge” between the government and the community needs to be rebuilt to improve the trust and understanding.

The government’s ability to implement these policies is critical for our success. Guizhou offers an excellent example of the transformation that can be achieved by building bridges. Likewise, in Hong Kong, we can rebuild ourselves by building bridges.

Yunyu Xiao is an assistant professor of population health sciences at Weill Cornell Medical College

Paul Yip is an associate dean (knowledge exchange and development) in the Faculty of Social Sciences at the University of Hong Kong